A refinery could be idle for a number of reasons including routine maintenance, unplanned maintenance, or market conditions. The Refinery Capacity Report also identifies refineries that were new, reactivated, or shut down in the previous calendar year, as well as refineries that were sold in the previous calendar year.
The report includes detailed information about the atmospheric crude oil distillation capacity at each refinery and the capacities for several important downstream refinery units that are used to process the products coming from the atmospheric crude oil distillation unit for further processing.
Many refineries are located close to crude oil production centers such as the Gulf Coast which has significant volumes of crude oil produced both onshore and offshore ; near destinations for importing crude oil; or near major population centers where much of the refineries' output will be needed e.
Add us to your site. Today in Energy. Note: Click map for larger image. Refinery locations are approximate, reflecting the coordinates of the refinery's city, rather than the refinery itself. Source: U. Cracking, light coking, and heavy coking are typical refinery configurations that process different qualities of crude oil, with water consumption at 0. Gasoline production is the largest water consumer at 0. So, a great deal of water is used in production of petroleum fuels during processing and cooling.
Water cooling can be achieved three ways:. Generally, water for petroleum fuel production is sourced from groundwater, canals, rivers, lakes, and sometimes partially from the ocean. Although refineries are generally located near an unlimited supply of saltwater, and desalination is becoming much more efficient and affordable at all scales, water reuse is often an attractive option to desalination or an ideal complement to it.
Treatment begins with a rough filtration screening operation, followed by flocculation to remove tiny particles and sediment. The water is then continuously filtered. Stormwater falls in both process and nonprocess areas alike, and the runoff can be reused or otherwise managed.
Ballast water from tankers must also be managed to prevent introduction of disease and invasive species. Refineries can be expansive and may outshine nearby cities at night. In a refinery, one might find food services, laundry services, and streets and roads with stormwater sewers and harvesting opportunities.
On-site machine shops, airports, and of course swimming pools need water.
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