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Once inside the town, the royalists massacred many of the parliamentary soldiers. Perhaps as many as 1, died and another were taken captive.
Charles I was executed in In his son led an uprising to try and regain his throne. The uprising failed and a man named the Earl of Derby was captured. He had taken part in the Bolton Massacre in So he was beheaded in Bolton. From the late 18th century Bolton was transformed by the industrial revolution.
It grew very rapidly. Samuel Crompton, a native of Bolton invented the spinning mule in and opened his first cotton mill in The cotton industry then grew at a tremendous rate and came to dominate Bolton. In a survey showed the population of Bolton was 5, It then began to grow rapidly. It reached 17, in and rose to , in In an act of parliament formed a body of men called the Improvement Commissioners.
They had powers to pave, clean and light the streets. After the streets of Bolton were lit by gas. In a water company was formed. In a dispensary was opened where the poor could obtain free medicines. The Royal Infirmary opened in Furthermore, Bolton was made a borough in Life in 19th century Bolton gradually improved.
The first public library in Bolton opened in The Market Hall was built in The Town Hall in Bolton followed in Queens Park opened in and Chadwick Museum opened in The first railway from Bolton to Leigh opened in Most popular was the Market Hall, home of independent traders, quirky shops, chain stores and big local names.
Our own Sara Cox was the first voice heard by millions every morning on the Radio 1 breakfast show, Peter Kay became the most popular comedian in the country, and we even claimed Sir Ian McKellen schooled in Bolton at the height of his Gandalfian greatness. The stadium was renamed the Macron Stadium in Instead of being half a mile out of town, and walkable for the majority of Boltonians, the new ground was located conveniently for the M61 motorway.
The days of walking to the stadium were over. Around it, a sprawling retail park was built. Middlebrook started big, and has kept on growing. Around the same time as this large development to the north of Bolton, there were temptations for shoppers to the south.
Manchester city centre was in the midst of its own millennial renaissance after the IRA bomb of Suddenly, shoppers from across the north-west who used to come to Bolton were spoiled for choice.
The centre might have been resilient enough to deal with one, or perhaps two of these competing retail opportunities, but all three together seems to have proved too much. Meanwhile, online shopping presents a challenge everywhere: the closure of national retailers such as BHS and Woolworths have left holes in high streets across the country. The evisceration of the Market Hall was greeted with widespread dismay. I think when they closed the Market Hall and relaunched it as it is now, they lost that identity.
It became a nothing of a town. You built up relationships with the people that were running stalls. A lot of people felt not listened to.
When I was growing up and used to walk into the town centre most Saturdays to window shop and buy CDs, the place was thriving.
In , Whitakers was bought out by the national chain Beales. On the same day that Prestons, the jewellers, closed its doors for the last time, so did the store, which had been at the heart of Bolton since Standing outside its shell and looking across the road, you can see the husk of Sweetens , an independent bookshop that has lain derelict since it closed in Along with the loss of Prestons, the closure of Whitakers has been a hammer blow to the local retail scene.
Young from Bolton council says the local authority did all it could to prevent the closures. They also pulled out of a number of major towns. It would be easy to pin the blame on the council. There have been baffling decisions, such as allowing the beautiful old fire station to be knocked down and replaced by generic flats. Meanwhile, in the town centre, even the chains are struggling now.
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